[149] The phrase and the Mikado's song also are featured in the Dad's Army episode "A Soldier's Farewell". [80] Reviewers felt that the change resolved the issue. [8], The Wonder Pets! Since 1961, Gilbert and Sullivan works have been in the public domain and frequently are adapted and performed in new ways. The company produced Oobi for Noggin, Wonder Pets! Nanki-Poo arrives and informs Ko-Ko of his love for Yum-Yum. [155], Politicians often use phrases from songs in The Mikado. The characters have since featured in several television series and films, as well as other media. Alvin (named after Al Bennett), Simon (named after Si Waronker), and Theodore (Ted Keep).[3]. [150], The name of the character Pooh-Bah has entered the English language to mean a person who holds many titles, often a pompous or self-important person. The novelty record was highly successful, selling more than 4 million copies in seven weeks, and it launched the careers of its chipmunk stars. [72][73] In 2014, after a production in Seattle, Washington, drew national attention to such criticism,[74] the Gilbert biographer Andrew Crowther wrote that The Mikado "does not portray any of the characters as being 'racially inferior' or indeed fundamentally any different from British people. and when truth compelled me to say that in my opinion The Mikado is his masterpiece, he cried out: 'O you wretch!' Selig explained that they called their payment formula "a third, a third and a third, meaning every time we finished a small production job, we would split whatever profit was left in the budget three ways. What puts the entire story in doubt is Cellier and Bridgeman's error concerning the Japanese exhibition in Knightsbridge:[12] it did not open until 10 January 1885, almost two months after Gilbert had already completed Act I. [46] To the extent that the opera portrays Japanese culture, style and government, it is a fictional version of Japan used to provide a picturesque setting and to capitalise on Japonism and the British fascination with Japan and the Far East in the 1880s. "The One World of Gilbert and Sullivan". Morey is President of the Gilbert and Sullivan Society in London. Bagdasarian provided the group's voices by producing sped-up recordings of his own, a technique pioneered on the successful "Witch Doctor". The original version of this number included Pish-Tush. Richard Suart and A.S.H. The purchase of the rights to the characters by Universal resulted in The Chipmunks' 1999 reappearance, in the form of the direct-to-video movie Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein, released on September 28, 1999. After some time, Sara's eleventh birthday is celebrated at Miss Minchin's with a lavish party, attended by all her friends and classmates. The technique was by no means new to the Chipmunks. A bespectacled Muppet. According to Burnett, after she composed the 1902 play A Little Un-fairy The Muppets were effective teaching tools because children easily recognized them, they were predictable, and they appealed to adults and older siblings. Gilbert used foreign or fictional locales in several operas, including The Mikado, Princess Ida, The Gondoliers, Utopia, Limited and The Grand Duke, to soften the impact of his pointed satire of British institutions. Oprah Gail Winfrey (/ o p r /; born Orpah Gail Winfrey; January 29, 1954), or simply Oprah, is an American talk show host, television producer, actress, author, and philanthropist.She is best known for her talk show, The Oprah Winfrey Show, broadcast from Chicago, which ran in national syndication for 25 years, from 1986 to 2011. He dons a Japanese mask and kills malefactors in appropriate ways letting "the punishment fit the crime". (1985) "The Japanese March in, Prestige, Colin. Other examples of this are when self-decapitation is described as "an extremely difficult, not to say dangerous, thing to attempt", and also as merely "awkward". The D'Oyly Carte Opera Company controlled the copyrights to performances of The Mikado and the other Gilbert and Sullivan operas in the U.K. until 1961. His perambulations stopped. He appears in many unscripted scenes with children. My Little Pony is a 19861987 American animated television series produced by Sunbow Productions and Marvel Productions and animated by Toei Animation and AKOM based on the My Little Pony toys released by Hasbro.The series featured as the first segment of a program called My Little Pony 'n Friends. [5] In 2012 it was ranked number 56 on a list of the top 100 children's novels published by School Library Journal. They eventually win his heart. [32], The Mikado became the most frequently performed Savoy Opera[93] and has been translated into numerous languages. Fisch, Shalom M.; Lewis Bernstein, "Formative Research Revealed: Methodological and Process Issues in Formative Research". In the summer of 2009, Little Airplane Productions launched the Little Airplane Caf. It is notable for the first appearance of Donald Duck as one of the lazy animals who refuses to help the hen. Her performance was broadcast live on SiriusXM. One "documentary" episode spoofed John Lennon's 1966 infamous comment that the Beatles had become "more popular than Jesus", by recalling how the Chipmunks had fallen in popularity after Alvin boasted they were "bigger than Mickey Mouse!". One year a particularly harsh winter had caused a nut shortage. Those characters did not feature prominently on any of the later series. She also likes singing and playing the guitar. Seeley, Paul. D'Abruzzo said about her: "She was unlike your typical little girl characters". Many of their songs were written by. Not intended for broadcast, they were presented to preschoolers in 60 homes throughout Philadelphia and in day care centers in New York City in July 1969. Repetitive vocabulary is still used in adaptations in order to encourage learning for very early readers. Jellinek, Hedy and George. (2004). Finch calls Grover "an infinitely optimistic soul". A sequel by Hilary McKay was published by Hodder Children's Books in September 2009: Wishing For Tomorrow: The Sequel to A Little Princess. You!" An animated adaptation of the story titled The Wise Little Hen was produced by Walt Disney Productions in 1934. As in the 1995 film, Sara's father is later found alive, and Becky is black. A playful and optimistic 5-year-old, is from Mexico. Amazon Studios", "Little Airplane Offers Positive Olive Branch to World", "Little Airplane Cafe draws big crowd for kid-friendly concerts". The second segment would be an unrelated cartoon based on "Josh Selig: Article about Little Airplane", "Studio 100 Takes Over Emmy-Winning Little Airplane Productions", "Little Airplane, Fantawild & Studio 100 Blast Off with 'Doctor Space', "Josh Selig and Sharon Gomes Exit Studio 100's Little Airplane Productions", "From animation to voice-overs, kids see how shows are made", "Post Magazine - ANIMATION: 'THE WONDER PETS! A hen living on a farm finds some wheat and decides to make bread with it. This page was last edited on 31 October 2022, at 05:01. She muses on her own beauty ("The sun whose rays"), but Pitti-Sing and Peep-Bo remind her of the limited duration of her approaching union with Nanki-Poo. These alterations have been incorporated into the opera's libretto and score since then. With the three conspirators facing painful execution, Ko-Ko pleads with Nanki-Poo to reveal himself to his father. ", "Alvin and the Chipmunks Receive Hollywood Walk of Fame Star", Chipmunks.com, Bagdasarian Productions' official site, The Chipmunks and The Chipettes: Born to Rock, We're the Chipmunks (Music from the TV Show), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alvin_and_the_Chipmunks&oldid=1119972702, Child characters in animated television series, Companies based in Santa Barbara County, California, Animated television series about children, Fictional characters invented for recorded music, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1960, won a Grammy Award for Best Engineered Recording-Non-Classical for the song "Alvin's Harmonica. Because the Indian climate is considered too harsh for their children, British families living there traditionally send their children to boarding school back home in England. [67], In 2001, the town of Chichibu (), Japan, under the name of "Tokyo Theatre Company", produced an adaptation of The Mikado in Japanese. [better source needed] Dubbed the "Queen of All It spent four weeks at Number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart from December 22, 1958, to January 12, 1959, succeeding "To Know Him Is to Love Him" at Number 1 on the same chart by the Teddy Bears, a pop group that featured Phil Spector. Gikow calls Guy "everybody's favorite talk-show host". The words themselves are nonsense: "Oo-ee, oo-ah-ah, ting-tang, walla-walla, bing-bang". Outwitted but not defeated, Katisha makes clear that she intends to be avenged. The group consists of three singing animated anthropomorphic chipmunks named Alvin, Simon, and Theodore who are originally managed by their human adoptive father, David "Dave" Seville. Josh Selig left the company in 2020. Victor Schertzinger directed, and William V. Skall received an Academy Award nomination for Best Cinematography. Sara invites Becky to live with her and be her personal maid, in much better living conditions than at Miss Minchin's. Amelia has a nervous breakdown afterward, but she is on the road to gaining more respect. Cosgrove Hall Films (also known as Cosgrove Hall Productions) was an English animation studio founded by Brian Cosgrove and Mark Hall; its headquarters was in Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester.Cosgrove Hall was once a major producer of children's television and animated programmes/films; Cosgrove Hall's programmes are still seen in over eighty countries. Bagdasarian Jr. and Karman continue to perform the singing voices for Alvin, Theodore, and the Chipettes, but Steve Vining did Simon's singing voice. Ratings improved significantly in syndication. A robot who is supposedly perfect, SAM is prone to silly mistakes. However, some vocal scores still include Pish-Tush in this number in his reduced role. Miss Minchin openly fawns over Sara for her money, but is secretly bitter toward her for her wealth. "[45], The opera is named after the Emperor of Japan using the term mikado ( or or ), literally meaning "the honourable gate" of the imperial palace, referring metaphorically to its occupant and to the palace itself. A wonder horse ridden by Grover and his "trusty companion". This article is about the band created in 1959. [158] In The Producers, an auditioner for the musical Springtime for Hitler begins his audition with Nanki-Poo's song, "A wand'ring minstrel I". When Sara casually mentions that she was born in India, Carrisford and his solicitor question her and discover that she is Captain Crewe's daughter, for whom they have been searching for two years. The same year, it released the album The Chipmunks Rock the House. The Muppets are a group of puppet characters created by Jim Henson, many for the purpose of appearing on the children's television program Sesame Street.Some of the best known Muppets on Sesame Street include Big Bird, Oscar the Grouch, Ernie, Bert, Cookie Monster, Grover, and Elmo.Henson's involvement in Sesame Street began when he and Joan Ganz Cooney, one of Their tree is cut down and carted off to grace the entrance lobby of a city office building, with them in it. A trifling accident inspired him with an idea. Gilbert and Sullivan's opera immediately preceding The Mikado was Princess Ida (1884), which ran for nine months, a short duration by Savoy opera standards. On 22 March 1884, Carte gave Gilbert and Sullivan contractual notice that a new opera would be required within six months. Politically themed revisions of the story include a conservative version based on a 1976 monologue from Ronald Reagan. A "simpleton cowboy" who always forgets everything. [59], The Japanese were ambivalent toward The Mikado for many years. Pooh-Bah calls Ko-Ko, the Lord High Executioner, an "industrious mechanic". Upon finding this out, Miss Minchin unsuccessfully tries to persuade Sara into returning to her school as a star pupil. For example, Conservative Peter Lilley pastiched "As Someday It May Happen" to specify some groups to whom he objected, including "sponging socialists" and "young ladies who get pregnant just to jump the housing queue". [53] Sullivan inserted into his score, as "Miya sama", a version of a Japanese military march song, called "Ton-yare Bushi", composed in the Meiji era. But all the town officials, except the haughty nobleman Pooh-Bah, proved too proud to serve under an ex-tailor and resigned. But all the jokes in the play fit the English. [7] With Paramount Global reportedly being interested. A new prologue which showed Nanki-Poo fleeing in disguise was also added, and much of the Act II music was cut. Hailed as one of televisions essential dramas, David Chases The Sopranos follows James Gandolfini as Tony Soprano: husband, father, and mob boss.. See how it all began in The Many Saints of Newark, a feature film prequel to the groundbreaking series that follows young Tony Soprano (played by Michael Gandolfini) as he grows up in one of the most tumultuous eras in Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland (released in Japan as simply Nemo (, Nimo) and credited in some territories as Little Nemo) is a 1989 animated musical fantasy film directed by Masami Hata and William Hurtz. "[7] At first, Little Airplane only produced similar live-action content, including Oobi and a film called The Time-Out Chair. In 2002, an artistically inclined seventeen-year-old girl comes of age in Sacramento, California.In 2002, an artistically inclined seventeen-year-old girl comes of age in Sacramento, California.In 2002, an artistically inclined seventeen-year-old girl comes of age in Sacramento, California. While never mentioned, in the CGI movies and 2015 series, the chipmunks are no longer triplets and celebrate different birthdays; but seem to be around the same school age. [4] Filming, animation, design, voice-over, and storyboarding are completed in a 12,000 square feet (1,100m2) building. Originally the other animals besides the hen consist of a rat, a cow, a cat, a dog, a duck, and a pig. When Sara acquires the epithet "princess", she embraces its favorable elements in her natural kindheartedness. Production was given at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, except for a one-month transfer to the Standard Theatre in February 1886. Prince used the technique on several of his songs, as well as Frank Zappa on We're Only in It for the Money and on the instrumental album Hot Rats, among others. [65] General Douglas MacArthur banned a large-scale professional 1947 Tokyo production by an all-Japanese cast,[66] but other productions have occurred in Japan. The Mikado is astonished that Nanki-Poo is alive, as the account of his execution had been given with such "affecting particulars". He also agreed to waive his performance fee for full ownership of the Sesame Street Muppets and to split any revenue they generated with the Children's Television Workshop (renamed to the Sesame Workshop in 2000), the series' non-profit producer. [32], In 1926, the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company made a brief promotional film of excerpts from The Mikado. The Foundation's first project was the animated series The Olive Branch for Nick Jr.[22]. In 1990, the show switched titles again to The Chipmunks Go to the Movies. The Mikado is the most internationally successful Savoy opera[3] and has been especially popular with amateur and school productions. The, This was a topical British legal joke: In the 1882 court case of. Also introduced was the boys' "Uncle" Harry, who may or may not have been a relative. After the eighth season, the show was canceled again. Gilbert picked it up. His part in it was first reduced, and then eliminated. The Chipmunks first officially appeared on the scene in a novelty record released in late fall 1958 by Bagdasarian. [141] In 2007 the Asian American theatre company Lodestone Theatre Ensemble produced The Mikado Project, an original play by Doris Baizley and Ken Narasaki. Finally, with her task complete, the hen asks who will help her eat the bread. A green Muppet boy with short orange spiked hair and a yellow sweater. She then threatens to keep Sara from ever seeing her school friends again, but Carrisford and his solicitor tell Miss Minchin that Sara will see anyone she wishes to see and that her friends' parents are not likely to refuse invitations from an heiress of diamond mines. Little Airplane Productions is an American television production company co-founded by Josh Selig and Lori Shaer (ne Sherman)[1] in 1999. He is a lecturer who often appeared with. Five new songs were composed for the film were made available via a soundtrack released by MCA Records. Ko-Ko would then marry the young widow. Alvin and the Chipmunks, originally David Seville and the Chipmunks or simply The Chipmunks, are an American animated virtual band and media franchise first created by Ross Bagdasarian for novelty records in 1958. [11] In the early 1990s rave scene, many breakbeat hardcore productions would utilize the same studio tricks, often taking a cappella from house records and speeding them up to fit the faster tempo. On September 17, 2004, Fox 2000 Pictures, Regency Enterprises, and Bagdasarian Productions announced a live-action hybrid film starring Alvin and the Chipmunks. The series lasted eight production seasons until 1990. Many of the other leads and choristers were or had been members of the D'Oyly Carte company. [145] In 1888, Ed J. Smith wrote a stage parody of The Mikado called The Capitalist; or, The City of Fort Worth to encourage capital investment in Fort Worth, Texas. [6][7], The Street scenes were "the glue" that "pulled the show together",[8] so producers knew they needed to make significant changes. The hen then harvests and mills the wheat into flour before baking it into bread; at each stage she again asks the animals for help and they refuse. The group's name changed from "the Chipmunks" to "Alvin and the Chipmunks".[4]. [112] Since the 1990s, several professional productions have been recorded on video by the International Gilbert and Sullivan Festival.[129]. [21], In 2009, Little Airplane Productions created a non-profit initiative called "The Little Light Foundation." For example, the movie poster for The Little Shop of Horrors (pictured) parodies the song title "The Flowers that Bloom in the Spring, Tra la! A similar effect could be obtained in playback by merely taking an LP recorded at 33.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}13 RPM and playing it back at 45 or 78 RPM, a trick sometimes tried out by ordinary record listeners. [26], In America, as had happened with H.M.S. Premiere, The Hudson Guild Theater, NYC, May 2014, A theatre adaptation by John Vreeke was produced by the. [144], "The Mikado" is a villainous vigilante in the comic book superhero series The Question, by Denny O'Neil and Denys Cowan. Selig pitched the spin-off to Nickelodeon after the final season of Wonder Pets! [23] Guests have included Jon Scieszka, Milkshake, and Suzi Shelton. -. Finally, execution by boiling oil or by melted lead is described by the Mikado as a "humorous but lingering" punishment. [32], The phrase "A short, sharp shock", from the Act 1 song "I am so proud" has entered the English language, appearing in titles of books and songs, such as in samples of Pink Floyd's "The Dark Side of the Moon", as well as political manifestos. Bagdasarian (again as Seville) recorded a follow-up song, "The Bird on My Head", singing a duet with his own sped-up voice as the bird. In the 1966 Batman episode "The Minstrel's Shakedown", the villain identifies himself as "The Minstrel" by singing to the tune of "A wand'ring minstrel I". The cameras have captured everything about the company's acting except its magic. [91], As soon as the opera premiered, Gilbert, Sullivan and Carte began to license numerous products that used the opera's name, characters, lyrics, lines and designs, not just for licensing fees, but to drive ticket sales; the show "was by far the most successful example [of merchandising] in the 19th century". Lady Bird: Directed by Greta Gerwig. In addition to Alvin cartoons, the series also featured the scientist Clyde Crashcup and his assistant Leonardo. With a population of 576,851 in the 2020 United States census, Wyoming is the least populous state despite being and 3rd & Bird. On January 18, 1991, NBC aired a television special starring the Chipmunks entitled Rockin' Through the Decades. Yum-Yum's friends are preparing her for her wedding ("Braid the raven hair"). When Herb Klynn's Format Films made a deal to develop the Three Chipmunks for animation, the old designs were rejected and new versions of the characters were created. The song, originally listed on the record label (Liberty F-55168) as "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)", featured the singing skills of the chipmunk trio. [9] As April 1884 wore on, Gilbert tried to modify his plot, but he could not satisfy Sullivan. [90] Richard Suart, a singer well known in the role of Ko-Ko, published a book containing a history of rewrites of the little list song, including many of his own. By 1993, Urban Chipmunk was re-released as a compilation album The Chipmunks' 35th Birthday Party with a double album, called The Chipmunks Sing-Alongs. Both movies featured the original cast of the second series reprising their roles as the tone was very similar to the series. [130] It is a retelling of The Mikado with various changes to simplify language or make it more suitable for children. The series ran from 1961 to 1962 and was one of a small number of animated series to be shown in prime time on CBS. [61] When Prince Fushimi Sadanaru made a state visit in 1907, the British government banned performances of The Mikado from London for six weeks,[n 7] fearing that the play might offend him a manoeuvre that backfired when the prince complained that he had hoped to see The Mikado during his stay. He is considered one of Hunt's most "understated and complex" characters. It is one of the most frequently played musical theatre pieces in history. ", 1961, won a Grammy Award for Best Album for Children for the album, 1962, was nominated again for a Grammy Award for Best Engineered RecordNovelty for the television tie-in album, 1963, was nominated again for Grammy Awards for both Best Album for Children and Best Engineered RecordNovelty for the album, 1966, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Recording for Children for the song ", 1987, the second television series was nominated for a, 1988, was nominated for a Young Artist Award in the category "Best Motion PictureAnimation" for the movie, This page was last edited on 4 November 2022, at 11:52. Natasha's parents are Humphrey and Ingrid. The Animation Guild, I.A.T.S.E. Gilbert had seen the little Japanese men and women from the Exhibition shuffling in their exotic robes through the streets of Knightsbridge. He is quickly dismissed. Gilbert wrote that Sullivan's letter caused him "considerable pain". It has garnered two number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 and won five Grammy Awards, having four Top 10 albums on the Billboard 200 and three certified platinum albums. Next year, two more albums were released (Chipmunk Rock and The Chipmunks Go Hollywood). The producers decided to reject the advisers' advice and reshot the Street segments; Henson and his coworkers created Muppets that could interact with the human actors,[8][9] specifically Oscar the Grouch and Big Bird, who became two of the show's most enduring characters. In 1939, Universal Pictures released a ninety-minute film adaptation of The Mikado. [157] In Isaac Asimov's short story "Runaround" a robot recites some of the song. During 1886, Carte was touring five Mikado companies in North America. The following tables show the casts of the principal original productions and D'Oyly Carte Opera Company touring repertory at various times through to the company's 1982 closure: For the 189697 revival, Temple returned to play The Mikado during January and February 1896, and again from November 1896 February 1897. rapidgator download links. Released on September 29, 1992, the album was certified platinum by the RIAA, becoming the group's first platinum record and making it the Chipmunks' best-selling album followed by a greatest hits release and a reissue of 1981's A Chipmunk Christmas. The final Chipmunks album in the project's original incarnation, The Chipmunks Go to the Movies, was released in 1969. The Mikado had the longest original run of the Savoy Operas. & G. Raff Show! Spinney also had roller skates made so he could skate around the stage while performing Bruno and Oscar. [121][n 10][122]. "The Directors and Native Inhabitants" of the village were thanked in the programme that was distributed on the first night. for Nickelodeon, and 3rd & Bird for the BBC.It has also released a variety of independent short films. That album, Chipmunk Punk, featured Bagdasarian's son, Ross Bagdasarian Jr., doing the voices of the characters. [32] This was followed in 1906 by a silent film of the opera by Gaumont Film Company. Production with some D'Oyly Carte personnel under the management of John Stetson. [citation needed] A 2006 picture book adaptation by Jerry Pinkney was well-received for similar reasons. See also Ffrench, Andrew. Justin Roiland's Solo Vanity Card Productions! [137], Other songs in The Mikado have been referenced in films, television and other media. The film featured the Chipmunks and the Chipettes in a contest traveling around the world. Infuriated and pitiless, she takes away all of Sara's possessions (except for some old frocks and her doll, Emily), makes her live in a cold and poorly furnished attic, and forces her to earn her keep by working as a servant. [75] Crowther noted that production design and other features of traditionally staged productions of the opera often "do look somewhat insensitive, not to say insulting. There were five Grammy Awards, an American Music Award, a Golden Reel Award, three Kids Choice Awards in total, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The work has been translated into numerous languages and is one of the most frequently played musical theatre pieces in history. In 190607, Helen Carte, the widow of Richard D'Oyly Carte, mounted a repertory season at the Savoy, but The Mikado was not performed, as it was thought that visiting Japanese royalty might be offended by it. The song also has been included on several compilation albums. David Seville and the Chipmunks released several more records over the following decade until Bagdasarian's death in 1972. ", Count von Count's girlfriend. [26][27] The first provincial production of The Mikado opened on 27 July 1885 in Brighton, with several members of that company leaving in August to present the first authorised American production in New York. "[22] In the Tribune interview, Gilbert also related that he and Sullivan had decided to cut the only solo sung by the opera's title character (who appears only in Act II, played by Savoy veteran Richard Temple), but that members of the company and others who had witnessed the dress rehearsal "came to us in a body and begged us to restore the excised 'number'".[21]. A blue Muppet who uses sounds to communicate. A purple tall monster who loves to juggle. The Mikado, though expressing understanding and sympathy ("See How the Fates"), discusses with Katisha the statutory punishment "for compassing the death of the heir apparent" to the Imperial throne something lingering, "with boiling oil or melted lead". [5] Tim Hill[6] directed the 2007 CGI/live-action film adaptation, with Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler, and Jesse McCartney providing the voices, along with its 2009, 2011, and 2015 sequels. The first public production, given at three performances, was in 1946 in the Ernie Pyle Theatre in Tokyo, conducted by the pianist Jorge Bolet for the entertainment of American troops and Japanese audiences. The term for this rhetorical technique is meiosis, a drastic understatement of the situation. A construction worker and is Biff's niece. One of the gentlemen, Pish-Tush, explains that when the Mikado decreed that flirting was a capital crime, the Titipu authorities frustrated the decree by appointing Ko-Ko, a prisoner condemned to death for flirting, to the post of Lord High Executioner ("Our great Mikado, virtuous man").
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